Loading... <p> <span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 19px;font-weight: normal">一.分区:</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">1.查看分区<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-weight: normal">fdisk -l</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left">通过fdisk -l 查看机器所挂硬盘个数及分区情况</p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236160498198.png" alt="图片1.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-94.png" /><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 19px;font-weight: normal"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16px">2.通过上面的信息,我们知道此机器中挂载两个硬盘分别是<span style="font-family: Verdana">:/dev/sda</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">和</span><span style="font-family: Verdana">/dev/sdb,</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left">其中sda有两个主分区/dev/sda1和sda2;</p> <p style="text-align: left">其中sdb有1个扩展类型/dev/sdb3和3个逻辑分区sdb5,sdb6,sdb7;</p> <p style="text-align: left">3.数值说明</p> <p style="text-align: left">Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes #/这个硬盘42.9G</p> <p style="text-align: left">255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders #/有255个磁面;63个扇区;5221个柱面</p> <p style="text-align: left">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes #/ 每个柱面的容量是8.22M</p> <p style="text-align: left">Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System</p> <p style="text-align: left">/dev/sda1 1 262 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris</p> <p style="text-align: left">Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.</p> <p style="text-align: left">/dev/sda2 * 262 5222 39844864 83 Linux</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16px">Device<span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">:</span>硬盘分区的表示:在<span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">Linux </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">是通过</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">hd*x </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">或 </span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">sd*x </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">表示的,其中 </span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">* </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">表示的是</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">a</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">、</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">b</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">、</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">c …… …… x</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">表示的数字 </span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">、</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">、</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">3 …… …… hd</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">大多是</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">IDE</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">硬盘;</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">sd</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">大多是</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">SCSI</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">或移动存储;</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16px">Boot:<span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">带</span><span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">*</span>表示引导分区,在上面的例子中 /dev/sda2 是引导分区</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"> </p> <p style="text-align: left">Start (开始):表示的一个分区从X cylinder(磁柱)开始;<br />End (结束):表示一个分区到 Y cylinder(磁柱)结束;</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16px">Blocks<span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">(</span>分区容量):其单位是<span style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 16px">K</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 16px">Id:<span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">分区类型编号</span><br />System<span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">:分区类型</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left">2.使用分区命令<span style="font-family: Verdana">fdisk</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"> 命令: fdisk DEVICE</p> <p style="text-align: left"> 子命令:管理功能</p> <p style="text-align: left"> p:print,显示已有分区;</p> <p style="text-align: left"> n:new,创建</p> <p style="text-align: left"> d:delete,删除</p> <p style="text-align: left"> w:write,写入磁盘并保存</p> <p style="text-align: left"> q:quit,放弃更新并退出</p> <p style="text-align: left"> m: 获取帮助</p> <p style="text-align: left"> l:列表所分区id</p> <p style="text-align: left"> t:调整分区id</p> <p style="text-align: left"> 例如:以/dev/sdb为例添加一个新分区linux类型2G容量:</p> <p style="text-align: left">1.[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb</p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236172274493.png" alt="图片2.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-49.png" /><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">2.Command (m for help):n</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236178709451.png" alt="图片3.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-36.png" /><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">由于所有的容量都给扩展分区这里只能分逻辑分区输入:<span style="font-family: Calibri">l</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">First cylinder (1963-2610, default 1963):默认从<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px">1963</span>号柱面开始,按回车即可</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236183972070.png" alt="图片4.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-48.png" /><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1963-2610, default 2610):+2G</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236189974616.png" alt="图片5.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-82.png" /><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">Command (m for help): w 保存并退出</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">再用<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px">fdisk -l /dev/sdb </span>查看则多了<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px">/dev/sdb8</span>则就是刚刚我们做好的分区</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236196328248.png" alt="图片6.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-32.png" /><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">查看内核是否已经识别新的分区:cat /proc/partations内存却没有sdb8</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236202932098.png" alt="图片7.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-32-1.png" /><span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">通知内核重新读取硬盘分区表:<span style="font-family: Calibri">partx -a </span>/dev/sdb需要执行两次</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236207897536.png" alt="图片8.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-96.png" /><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 19px;font-weight: normal">二.格式化:</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">Linux文件系统类型:<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-weight: normal">ext2,ext3,ext4,xfs,btrfs,reiserfs,jfs,swap</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">创建文件系统:<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">mkfs.</span>文件系统类型 <span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">/dev/DEVICE</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left;text-indent: 28px"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">ext系列文件系统可以使用<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">:mke2fs -t {ext2|ext3|etx3} -b{1024|2048|4096} -L 'LABEL'</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal"> </span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">例如:将刚分区<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">/dev/sdb8</span>格式化<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">ext4,</span>块大小<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">2K</span>,卷标为<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">TEST</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;font-weight: normal">[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -b 2048 -L TEST /dev/sdb8</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><img title="1456236213338717.png" alt="图片9.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-39.png" /></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 19px;font-weight: bold">三、挂载</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">例如将已格式化<span style="font-family: Calibri">/dev/sdb8</span>挂载至<span style="font-family: Calibri">/mnt/test </span>目录下</span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px">1、首先创建目录<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px">: mkdir /mnt/test</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px">2.挂载:<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px">mount /dev/sdb8 /mnt/test</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px">3.查看磁盘挂载信息:<span style="font-family: Calibri;font-size: 16px">df -lh </span></span></p> <p> <img title="1456236226773282.png" alt="图片10.png" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703160926-95.png" /></p> 最后修改:2021 年 12 月 10 日 10 : 53 AM © 允许规范转载 赞赏 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏 赞赏作者 支付宝微信