Loading... <h1><span style="font-family: 宋体">帮助命令</span></h1> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">1. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">使用帮助命令和帮助选项来获取帮助</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">2. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">使用</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">man</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">来查看命令使用手册</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">(manual)</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">3. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">使用</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">info</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">来查看命令的信息页</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">4. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">程序自身的帮助文档(README/INSTALL/ChangeLog)</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">5. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">程序官方文档(官方站点:Documentation)</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">6. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">发行版的官方文档</span></strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">7. </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">使用</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px">Google</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 19px;font-family: 宋体">搜索关键字</span></strong></p> <h2>1. <span style="font-family: 宋体">使用帮助命令和帮助选项来获取帮助</span></h2> <p>Linux<span style="font-family: 宋体">系统中命令分为【内部命令】和【外部命令】。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">【内部命令】:内部命令被构建在</span>shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">之中,其执行速度比外部命令快,因为解析内部命令</span>shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">不需要创建子进程。如果使用的是</span>bash<span style="font-family: 宋体">,可以通过</span>“help”<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令得到所有内部命令列表。</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">【外部命令】:外部命令并没有被构建在</span>shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">中,这些可执行的外部命令保存在一个独立的文件当中。当一个外部命令被执行时,一个新的进程即被创建同时命令被执行。</span></p> <p><strong> </strong> <span style="font-family: 宋体">如何区分内一个命令是内部命令还是外部命令?可以使用“</span>type<span style="font-family: 宋体">”命令:</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="909" style="width: 922px"> <tbody> <tr class="firstRow" style="height: 82px"> <td height="82" valign="top" width="928" style="border-color: windowtext;padding: 0px 7px"> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">[root@localhost ~]# type cd ###<span style="font-family: 宋体">内部命令</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">帮助命令的内部命令格式:</span># help COMMAND </p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">cd is a shell builtin </p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">[root@localhost ~]# type cat ###<span style="font-family: 宋体">外部命令</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">帮助命令的外部命令格式:</span># COMMAND –help <span style="font-family: 宋体">或</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">cat is /bin/cat # COMMAND –h</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">内部命令</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">:</span> </p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="909"> <tbody> <tr class="firstRow"> <td valign="top" width="712" style="border-color: windowtext;padding: 0px 7px"> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">hash: <span style="font-family: 宋体">记录或显示程序位置,</span>shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">搜寻到外部命令的路径结果会缓存至</span>kv(kv-value)<span style="font-family: 宋体">存储中</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">-d<span style="font-family: 宋体">:清除指定命令的位置</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">-r<span style="font-family: 宋体">:清除所有命令的位置</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px"><span style="font-family: 宋体"><img src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703161617-79.png" title="1464577750911093.png" alt="blob.png" /></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="909"> <tbody> <tr class="firstRow"> <td valign="top" width="712" style="border-color: windowtext;padding: 0px 7px"> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 56px">history: <span style="font-family: 宋体">管理命令历史,登录</span>shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">时,会读取命令历史文件中记录下的命令:</span>~/.bash_history<span style="font-family: 宋体">,登录进</span>shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">后新执行的命令只会记录在缓存中,这些命令会在用户退出后“追加”至命令历史文件中。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">-a<span style="font-family: 宋体">:追加本次会话新执行的命令历史列表至历史文件</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">-d offset<span style="font-family: 宋体">:删除历史中指定的命令。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px">-c<span style="font-family: 宋体">:清空命令历史</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">快捷操作:</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px">!#:<span style="font-family: 宋体">调用历史中第</span>#<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令</span> </p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">!</span>string:<span style="font-family: 宋体">调用历史中最近一个以</span>string<span style="font-family: 宋体">开头的命令</span> </p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">!!:上一第命令</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">↑↓翻页查找命令历史</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">外部命令</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">:都有一个可执行程序,位于文件系统某目录下。</span>Shell<span style="font-family: 宋体">程序搜寻可执行文件的路径定义在</span>PATH<span style="font-family: 宋体">环境变量中。</span># echo $PATH <span style="font-family: 宋体">自左至右</span></p> <p>2. <span style="font-family: 宋体">使用</span>man<span style="font-family: 宋体">来查看命令使用手册</span>(manual)</p> <p><strong>格式:</strong>#man COMMAND</p> <p><strong>说明:</strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">用</span>man<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令调用</span>/usr/share/man/[man1-man#] <span style="font-family: 宋体">中的对应命令的手册</span>,<span style="font-family: 宋体">再解压到临时目录</span>,<span style="font-family: 宋体">然后使用</span>less<span style="font-family: 宋体">来进行显示</span></p> <p><strong><strong><span style="font-size: 14px">注意:</span></strong></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体">有些关键在不止一个章节中存在帮助手册,使用</span>whatis COMMAND <span style="font-family: 宋体">来查看命令在哪些章节有帮助手册,要查看指定章节中的手册:</span>man # COMMAND</p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">手册页按章节分类:</span></p> <p>man1<span style="font-family: 宋体">:用户命令</span></p> <p>man2<span style="font-family: 宋体">:系统调用</span></p> <p>man3<span style="font-family: 宋体">:</span>C<span style="font-family: 宋体">库调用</span></p> <p>man4<span style="font-family: 宋体">:设备文件及特殊文件</span></p> <p>man5<span style="font-family: 宋体">:配置文件格式</span></p> <p>man6<span style="font-family: 宋体">:游戏</span></p> <p>man7<span style="font-family: 宋体">:杂项</span></p> <p>man8<span style="font-family: 宋体">:管理类的命令</span></p> <p>man<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令的配置文件:</span>/etc/man.config <span style="font-family: 宋体">中的</span>MANPATH<span style="font-family: 宋体">指明了其路径。</span>MANPATH /PAHT/TO/SOMEWHERE<span style="font-family: 宋体">指明新的手册文件搜索位置。</span></p> <p># man –M /PATH/TO/SOMEWHERE COMMAND<span style="font-family: 宋体">:配置文件</span>man.config<span style="font-family: 宋体">中插入一条路径</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体"></span></p> <p style="text-align: left">帮助手册中的段落说明:</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>NAME</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>SYNOPSIS</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>DESCRIPTION</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>OPTIONS</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>EXAMPLES</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>AUTHOR</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>REPORTING BUGS</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>SEE ALSO</p> <p></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>SYNOPSIS:</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>[]:可选内容</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span><>: 必选内容</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>a|b:二选一</p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span>…: 同一内容可出现多次</p> <p></p> <p style="text-align: left"><span class="Apple-tab-span"> </span></p> <p>less的操作方法:</p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="syntaxhighlighter bash" width="908"> <tbody style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"> <tr style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important" class="firstRow"> <td class="gutter" width="NaN"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">1</div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">2</div> <div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">3</div> <div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">4</div> <div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">5</div> <div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">6</div> <div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">7</div> <div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">8</div> <div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">9</div> <div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">10</div> <div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">11</div> <div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">12</div> <div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">13</div> <div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">14</div> <div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">15</div> <div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 1em !important;text-align: right !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important">16</div> </td> <td class="code" style="border-top-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important" width="864"> <div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">space,^V,^F:向尾部翻页</code></div> <div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">b,^B:向首部翻页</code></div> <div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">d,^D:向尾部翻半页</code></div> <div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">u,^U:向首页翻半页</code></div> <div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">RETURN,^n,e,^e,j:向尾部翻一行</code></div> <div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">y,^Y,^p,k,^K:向首部翻一行</code></div> <div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">q:退出</code></div> <div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">:Number:跳转至Number行</code></div> <div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">1G:回到文件第一行,首部</code></div> <div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">G:跳到文件最后一行,尾部</code></div> <div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">/KEYWORD</code><code class="bash plain">;以KEYWORD为关键字,从当前位置向尾部搜索,不计大小写</code></div> <div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">n:下一个关键字</code></div> <div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">N:上一个关键字</code></div> <div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">?KEYWORD:以KEYWORD为关键字,从当前位置向首部搜索,不计大小写</code></div> <div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">n:跟搜索命令同方向,上一个关键字</code></div> <div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="border: 0px !important;float: none !important;line-height: 1.1em !important;margin: 0px !important;overflow: visible !important;padding: 0px 1em !important;vertical-align: baseline !important;width: auto !important;min-height: auto !important;background: none !important"><code class="bash plain">N:跟搜索命令反方向,下一个关键字</code></div> <p><code class="bash plain"><br /></code></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: 宋体"><br /></span></p> <h2>3. <span style="font-family: 宋体">使用</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">来查看命令的信息页</span></h2> <p>#info COMMAND <span style="font-family: 宋体">以下内容来自</span>: http://man.linuxde.net/info<span style="font-family: 宋体">。</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令是</span>Linux<span style="font-family: 宋体">下</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">格式的帮助指令。</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="909"> <tbody> <tr class="firstRow"> <td valign="top" width="1017" style="border-color: windowtext;padding: 0px 7px"> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">就内容来说,</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">页面比</span>man page<span style="font-family: 宋体">编写得要更好、更容易理解,也更友好,但</span>man page<span style="font-family: 宋体">使用起来确实要更容易得多。一个</span>man page<span style="font-family: 宋体">只有一页,而</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">页面几乎总是将它们的内容组织成多个区段(称为节点),每个区段也可能包含子区段(称为子节点)。理解这个命令的窍门就是不</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">仅要学习如何在单独的</span>Info<span style="font-family: 宋体">页面中浏览导航,还要学习如何在节点和子节点之间切换。可能刚开始会一时很难在</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">页面的节点之间移动和找到你要的东</span><span style="font-family: 宋体">西,真是具有讽刺意味:原本以为对于新手来说,某个东西比</span>man<span style="font-family: 宋体">命令会更好些,但实际上学习和使用起来更困难。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><strong>选项:</strong></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">-d<span style="font-family: 宋体">:添加包含</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">格式帮助文档的目录;</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">-f<span style="font-family: 宋体">:指定要读取的</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">格式的帮助文档;</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">-n<span style="font-family: 宋体">:指定首先访问的</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">帮助文件的节点;</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">-o<span style="font-family: 宋体">:输出被选择的节点内容到指定文件。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><strong>快捷键</strong></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">?<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:它就会显示</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">的常用快捷键。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">N<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:显示(相对于本节点的)下一节点的文档内容。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">P<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:显示(相对于本节点的)前一节点的文档内容。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">U<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:进入当前命令所在的主题。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">M<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:敲</span>M<span style="font-family: 宋体">键后输入命令的名称就可以查看该命令的帮助文档了。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">G<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:敲</span>G<span style="font-family: 宋体">键后输入主题名称,进入该主题。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">L<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:回到上一个访问的页面。</span> SPACE<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:向前滚动一页。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">BACKUP<span style="font-family: 宋体">或</span>DEL<span style="font-family: 宋体">键:向后滚动一页。</span> Q<span style="font-family: 宋体">:退出</span>info<span style="font-family: 宋体">。</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 28px"><strong>命令</strong></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">?</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">显示帮助窗口</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">在帮助窗口中:</span> Ctrl-x 0 <span style="font-family: 宋体">关闭帮助窗口</span> Ctrl-x Ctrl-c <span style="font-family: 宋体">关闭整个</span> Info</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">q <span style="font-family: 宋体">退出</span> info</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">n <span style="font-family: 宋体">打开与本</span> Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">关联的下一个</span> Node</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">p <span style="font-family: 宋体">打开与本</span> Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">关联的前一个</span> Node</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">u <span style="font-family: 宋体">打开与本</span> Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">关联的上一个</span> Node</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;text-indent: 56px">l <span style="font-family: 宋体">回到上一次访问的</span> Node</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 56px">m<span style="font-family: 宋体">或</span>g <span style="font-family: 宋体">选择一个菜单项(</span>Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">的名字)</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">输入指定菜单的名字后按回车,打开指定菜单项关联的</span> Node</p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 84px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">空格键</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">下一页(</span>PageDown <span style="font-family: 宋体">也可以,下一页从当前页的最后两行开始算起)</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">下一个</span> Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">(若当前页在</span> Node<span style="font-family: 宋体">文档的末尾)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 84px">Del <span style="font-family: 宋体">键</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">上一页(</span>PageUp <span style="font-family: 宋体">也可以,上一页从当前页的开始两行开始算起)</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体">上一个</span> Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">(若当前页</span> Node <span style="font-family: 宋体">文档的开始)</span> </p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 56px">b <span style="font-family: 宋体">或</span> t <span style="font-family: 宋体">或</span> Home <span style="font-family: 宋体">文档的开始(</span>b <span style="font-family: 宋体">是</span> begining <span style="font-family: 宋体">的意思)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 56px">e <span style="font-family: 宋体">或</span> End <span style="font-family: 宋体">文档的末尾(</span>b <span style="font-family: 宋体">是</span> ending <span style="font-family: 宋体">的意思)</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 56px">Ctrl-l <span style="font-family: 宋体">刷新当前页,若当前文档显示情况有问题时</span></p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px;margin-left: 56px">Ctrl-g <span style="font-family: 宋体">取消所键入的指令</span> </p> <p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 20px"><span style="font-family: 宋体">以上内容来自</span>: http://man.linuxde.net/info</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>4. <span style="font-family: 宋体">程序自身的帮助文档</span></h2> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">相关软件自带的帮助文档在</span>/usr/share/doc/COMMAND-VERSION/ <span style="font-family: 宋体">中查看</span>README INSTALL ChangeLog<span style="font-family: 宋体">等文档提供的帮助信息</span></p> <h2>5. <span style="font-family: 宋体">程序官方文档</span></h2> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">在软件官方站点的</span>Documentation<span style="font-family: 宋体">中可以查看到它最权威的文档说明。例如:</span>http://www.openstack.org</p> <h2>6. <span style="font-family: 宋体">发行版的官方文档</span></h2> <p>http://www.redhat.com/docs <span style="font-family: 宋体">红帽官方文档</span></p> <h2>7. <span style="font-family: 宋体">使用</span>Google<span style="font-family: 宋体">搜索关键字</span></h2> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">使用</span>Google<span style="font-family: 宋体">搜索引擎来查找所需信息,下面就一些小技巧来学习一下:</span></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">搜索</span>openstack<span style="font-family: 宋体">的</span>pdf<span style="font-family: 宋体">文档:</span>openstack filetype:pdf</p> <p><img alt="google1.jpg" src="//cto.wang/usr/uploads/2016/07/20160703161617-54.jpg" title="1458906995943826.jpg" style="max-width: 100%;height: auto;vertical-align: middle;border: 0px" /></p> <p><span style="font-family: 宋体">指明在</span>openstack.com<span style="font-family: 宋体">站点上搜索,关键字是“</span>openstack<span style="font-family: 宋体">”的相关信息:</span>openstack site:openstack.co</p> 最后修改:2021 年 12 月 10 日 10 : 53 AM © 允许规范转载 赞赏 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏 赞赏作者 支付宝微信